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| country = Germany | language = German | subject = Philosophy of language, logic | publisher = | pub_date = 1921 | english_pub_date = Kegan Paul, 1922 | pages = 75 | isbn = | oclc = | media_type = | preceded_by = | followed_by = }} The ''Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus'' (Latin for "Logico-Philosophical Treatise") is the only book-length philosophical work published by the German-Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein in his lifetime. The project had a broad aimto identify the relationship between language and reality and to define the limits of science〔TLP 4.113〕and is recognized as a significant philosophical work of the twentieth century. G. E. Moore originally suggested the work's Latin title as homage to the ''Tractatus Theologico-Politicus'' by Baruch Spinoza.〔Nils-Eric Sahlin, ''The Philosophy of F. P. Ramsey'' (1990), p. 227.〕 Wittgenstein wrote the notes for the ''Tractatus'' while he was a soldier during World War I and completed it when a prisoner of war at Como and later Cassino in August 1918.〔Monk p.158〕 It was first published in German in 1921 as ''Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung''. The ''Tractatus'' was influential chiefly amongst the logical positivists of the Vienna Circle, such as Rudolf Carnap and Friedrich Waismann. Bertrand Russell's article "The Philosophy of Logical Atomism" is presented as a working out of ideas that he had learned from Wittgenstein.〔Bertrand Russell (1918), "The Philosophy of Logical Atomism". ''The Monist''. p. 177, as published, for example in (Bertrand Russell (Robert Charles Marsh ed.) ''Logic and Knowledge'' ) Accessed 2010-01-29.〕 The ''Tractatus'' employs a notoriously austere and succinct literary style. The work contains almost no arguments as such, but rather consists of declarative statements that are meant to be self-evident. The statements are hierarchically numbered, with seven basic propositions at the primary level (numbered 1–7), with each sub-level being a comment on or elaboration of the statement at the next higher level (e.g., 1, 1.1, 1.11, 1.12). Wittgenstein's later works, notably the posthumously published ''Philosophical Investigations'', criticised many of the ideas in the ''Tractatus''. == Main theses == There are seven main propositions in the text. These are: # The world is everything that is the case. # What is the case (a fact) is the existence of states of affairs. # A logical picture of facts is a thought. # A thought is a proposition with a sense. # A proposition is a truth-function of elementary propositions. (An elementary proposition is a truth-function of itself.) # The general form of a proposition is the general form of a truth function, which is: . This is the general form of a proposition. # Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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